Alcohol and Substance Abuse 信息

A person with alcohol poisoning needs immediate medical attention. If you suspect someone has alcohol poisoning, call for emergency medical help right away.

酒精中毒 is a serious — and sometimes deadly — consequence of drinking large amounts of alcohol in a short period of time.

Drinking too much too quickly can affect your breathing, 心率, body temperature and gag reflex and potentially lead to coma and death.

酒精中毒 can also occur when adults or children accidentally or intentionally drink household products that contain alcohol.

A person with alcohol poisoning needs immediate medical attention. If you suspect someone has alcohol poisoning, call for emergency medical help right away.

酒精中毒 signs and symptoms include:

混乱
呕吐
癫痫发作
Slow breathing (less than eight breaths a minute)
Irregular breathing (a gap of more than 10 seconds between breaths)
皮肤呈蓝色或苍白
Low body temperature (hypothermia)
Passing out (unconsciousness) and can't be awakened

It is not necessary to have all of these signs and symptoms before you seek help. A person who is unconscious or can't be awakened is at risk of dying.

Don't be afraid to get help

It can be difficult to decide if you think someone is drunk enough to warrant medical intervention, but it's best to err on the side of caution. You may worry about the consequences for yourself or your friend or loved one, particularly if you're underage. But the consequences of not getting the right help in time can be far more serious.

密歇根州医疗大赦法

酒精中毒 is an emergency

If you're with someone who has been drinking a lot of alcohol and you see any of the signs or symptoms above, 以下是你应该做的:

拨打911 or your local emergency number immediately. Never assume that a person will sleep off alcohol poisoning.
Be prepared to provide information. 如果你知道, be sure to tell hospital or emergency personnel the kind and amount of alcohol the person drank, 当.
Don't leave an unconscious person alone. Because alcohol poisoning affects the way your gag reflex works, someone with alcohol poisoning may choke on his or her own vomit and not be able to breathe. While waiting for help, don't try to make the person vomit because he or she could choke.
帮助呕吐的人. Try to keep him or her sitting up. 如果这个人必须躺下, make sure to turn his or her head to the side — this helps prevent choking. Try to keep the person awake to prevent loss of consciousness.

酗酒

A major cause of alcohol poisoning is binge drinking — a pattern of heavy drinking when a male rapidly consumes five or more alcoholic drinks within two hours, or a female downs at least four drinks within two hours. An alcohol binge can occur over hours or last up to several days.

You can consume a fatal dose before you pass out. Even when you're unconscious or you've stopped drinking, alcohol continues to be released from your stomach and intestines into your bloodstream, and the level of alcohol in your body continues to rise.

多少才算太多?

不同的食物, which can take hours to digest, alcohol is absorbed quickly by your body — long before most other nutrients. And it takes a lot more time for your body to get rid of the alcohol you've consumed.

Most alcohol is processed by your liver, 总的来说, it takes about one hour for your liver to process (metabolize) the alcohol in one drink.

一杯饮料的定义是:

12 ounces (355 milliliters) of regular beer (about 5 percent alcohol)
8 to 9 ounces (237 to 266 milliliters) of malt liquor (about 7 percent alcohol)
5 ounces (148 milliliters) of wine (about 12 percent alcohol)
1.5 ounces (44 milliliters) of 80-proof hard liquor (about 40 percent alcohol)

Mixed drinks may contain more than one serving of alcohol and take even longer to metabolize.

参考: 员工,米. (2014年12月14日). 酒精中毒. 检索自2015年6月22日 http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alcohol-poisoning/basics/definition/con-20029020

法律后果

The following brochures from the 密歇根 Office of Highway Safety Planning explain possible legal ramifications of underage alcohol and marijuana use, as well as use of these substances while driving.